The Impact of the Drug Losartan on a Few Biochemical Indicators in Wistar Albino Male Rats with Isoproterenol-Induced Heart Infarction

Abstract

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. This study investigated the therapeutic and preventive effects of losartan on myocardial infarction in male albino rats.

Methods: Cardiac infarction was induced in 100 rats using subcutaneous isoproterenol (65 mg/kg/day) for five days. Rats were divided into two main groups: Group 1 received isoproterenol only, while Group 2 was subdivided into four subgroups, including a losartan-pretreated group (losartan for 55 days prior to isoproterenol). Biochemical markers, including troponin, CK-MB, angiotensin II, glutathione (GSH), and total protein, were measured.

Results: Isoproterenol significantly increased troponin, CK-MB, and angiotensin II (p<0.001) and decreased GSH and total protein compared to controls. Losartan treatment restored GSH and total protein levels close to normal and significantly reduced cardiac injury markers (p<0.001). Conclusion: Losartan demonstrates both protective and therapeutic effects against myocardial infarction, improving biochemical markers and suggesting potential clinical relevance.