The Relationship Between Osteoporosis and Parathyroid Hormone by Measuring Some Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is widely recognized as a metabolic disorder that can negatively affect multiple body system ,especially in patients with  poor glycemic control. Osteoporosis is considered one of the complications associated with diabetes due to disturbances in bone metabolism and mineral balance. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) plays an important role in calcium regulation and bone turnover. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between osteoporosis and PTH levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to assess selected biochemical parameters. This case study was conducted at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Al-Muthanna Province,Iraq. A total of 61 participants were included and divided into three groups: diabetic patients with osteoporosis (n=17 including 12 males and 5 females), diabetic patients without osteoporosis (n= 22 including 7 males and 15 females), and healthy group (n=22 including 11 males and 11 females). Blood samples were collected after fasting and analyzed for fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), PTH, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. The results showed that PTH, ALP, PO4, FBS and HbA1c levels were higher in diabetic patients with osteoporosis compared to other groups, while vitamin D levels were lower. No significant difference was observed in calcium levels among the groups. In conclusion, diabetes mellitus is associated with changes in bone-related biochemical markers, and monitoring these parameters may help in early detection of osteoporosis.